Essay --

Following WW I in the 1920s, in that respect was a decade of an economical explosion. The post-war era brought about many changes. Businesses showed broad profits, migration to big cities of industrial companies occurred with the hopes of making a better life, people were tending(p) the opportunity to purchase things on credit, while others borrowed money making piteous decisions buying high priced stocks with the intention of selling stocks for a profits to fix lenders. When Black Tuesday occurred on October 29, 1929, this marked the beginning of the Great Depression that go forth devastating economic hardships for the American people. Although it was always my belief that the stock grocery store crash was the sole contributor of the Great Depression, there was actually a number of contributing factors that ultimately led to the great crash. The economic flesh out made it possible for companies to became more efficient with manufacturing and began stockpilin g goods, once this occurred companies had to put down back on production. The wealthy stopped buying which led to further stockpiling. The work...

Etiquette of a Victorian Lady :: Victorian Women

Etiquette of a Victorian LadyIn both the upper and middle classes, there were certain expectations, or guiding principles that women had to personify in enounce to be called a lady. There were numerous etiquette guides and books create in this time period regarding dining, beauty, and social activities, and most of the newspapers and womens magazines included articles on how to be the perfect Victorian Lady. These are some of the most arouse forms of etiquette.Ball agency EtiquetteA Lady should always maintain an easy, becoming and urbane movement while engaged in a quadrille or promenade. It is more pleasing to the gentleman.--from Etiquette for the Ball boardWomen were supposed to always be beauteous and even something as enjoyable as dancing had to image effortless, and the muliebrity always had to make sure that she appeared elegant and refined. It also has a fictitious character to the fact that when dancing, the goal of the womans etiquette was to please the man. An other mannerism that Victorian women followed in the ball room was that a lady should not attend a public ball without an escort, or that no lady should ever be left unattended (Etiquette for the Ball Room). This is just another pillowcase of how a woman needed a man in order for her to fit into society. It was considered rude if a woman were to ever be seen alone(predicate) at a ball.Dressing Room EtiquetteThe dressing room of a lady was supposed to be her sanctuary, or a place where nonentity except for her ever entered. It was a place where women were meant to admire themselves and make themselves attend to presentable at all times for their husbands. The husband should always discern the wife fresh, beautiful, sweet as a flower (The Ladys Dressing Room). The dressing room was a place where the woman was to be narcissistic and cover up or hide any imperfections that she may have had. The article above also asks, what is life or love without illusions? In order for her husba nd to be pleased, the woman was to retire to the dressing room and make herself beautiful, even if it included tricks. Above all, it was private. A lady was to look beautiful at all times, but make it look uniform it didnt take any effort at all. This was also the place in which the specific hairstyles of Victorian Ladies were created. It was proper etiquette to always wear the hair up.

Family Guy and the Good the Bad and the Daily Show

When it comes to the yield of popculture, most Americans volition readily play off that TV destines hurl a great impact on our life and beliefs. Where this balance usu everyy ends, however is on the question does it make us smarter in the authorized facts close the American society. Jason Zinger source of The Good, The Bad, and The Daily place and Antonia Peacocke writer of Family Guy and Freud Jokes and their relation to the unconscious both maintain the same stead of how harsh comedy is used in both shows.They differ all in all in their portrayal of how the shows comedy is conducted to characterize the life of Americas, Whereas Jason Zinger a psychologist writes about The Daily Show how it informs Americans with fake news, but in earthly concern is square news swirled with comedy to emphasize the truth. Antonia Peacocke, a student from Harvard agrees Family guy goes beyond insulting the media, but maintains a rattlingity about society. Both writers agree on not blamin g the shows for its comedy, but how the public is mature enough to bring off the facts.Peacocke expresses how McFarland makes an important point that no amount of television censorship will ever change the harsh nature of reality and to censor reality is mere folly. (pg). She focuses on the ethos to acknowledge the pride of American society hence she rationalizes how wad tend to feel insulted when confronted directly. Zinger agrees with peacocke along the same lines how both shows go beyond to explain the American society.Pecocke explains that every show has some educational purposes, and these animate cartoons show some aspects of American culture (pg 303). Havent finished need more(prenominal) to add similarities between zinger and peacocke. Many shows have their own demeanor of directing schooling by educating or entertain the viewers. Peacocke writes in her article that is all psychological, and that every show has ethic in their show that we can all learn from.In her ar ticle she demonstrates us that shows equivalent Family Guy are more than just entertainment, but many an(prenominal) people judge this shows as pure comedy and entertainment with no educational purposes. Family Guy shows to their public current life issues, they make these issues entertaining and quaint to make their public get a line in ways that might let out people but acceptable in society. Peacocke explains how the show makes the public understand though laughter and comedy rather than being judgmental.She further deepens her eyeshot pointing out shows like Family Guy help people understand the American culture as well as help people understand other ethnicity and other genders through laughter. The news has even found ways to make it entertaining to inform the public of current life issues. Jason Zinger argues that in recent years Americans have false away from mainstream media (pg) and have turned into alternatives programs to obtain the news. He explains The Daily S how informs people in singular type of way that can be seen as entertaining and educational.According to the article, it argues that many people conclude the show misleads their viewers to think that is a show with no accurate information because of its comedy. Zinger views that the show is not corrupt If uses real news, items , and real stories, whether people tune into to be entertained, to be informed or both The daily Show shapes peoples perspective on the world (pg 366). Many shows inform their viewers in a way that can be unusual, thus making the decision whether the source is time-tested or not depends on the person.Zinger explains that if viewers are tuning into a comedy show to get the latest news I believe that the viewers can distinguish between pure entertainment and the real news (Pg 367). He opinioned people feel that shows like The Daily Show are misleading the public into having negative thoughts about the current issues because not a lot of information is explai ned. therefore people think this shows provided care about ratings. Zinger explains that having these ratings and knowing people tune in more gives the network more reason to give accurate information pg(366).The articles explain how media has found a opposite way to educate society with information in a new method. Zinger and Peacocke believe every show contains worthful information whether we tune into to obtain news or to relax and be entertained. American Society receives information in many different ways, it all depends where do we want our information. Both authors conclude we gained knowledge in different ways and the media is found its way for it to be entertaining and informative for American society.

Perception Ppt Essay

DetailsImagine you are an expert on unfavorable thinking. A local richly school wants you to present your association to its seniors and asks that you create a PowerPoint presentation to specifically explain perception and critical thinking. 1. Create a PowerPoint presentation that explains the concepts of perception and critical thinking to high school seniors. In your explanation, address the hobby * How all five senses contact perception.* The role of perception in critical thinking.For directions on how to create a PowerPoint presentation, refer to the How to Create a PowerPoint Presentation Resource. * Your PowerPoint presentation should include the following 1. 8 slides (1 title slide, 6 content slides, and 1 reference slide). 2. personate key points in bullets. The bullets are what the audience would see during a presentation. imagine not to overcrowd each slide.3. Elaborate on the bullet points in the slide notes for all 6 content slides. The slide notes section is whe re the vocalizer documents what he/she would say during the presentation. While GCU style format is not essential for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected and in-text citations and references should be presented victimization GCU documentation guidelines, which can be found in the GCU Style Guide, laid in the Student Success Center. This assignment uses a grading glossiness that can be viewed at the assignments drop box. Instructors pass on be using the championship to grade the assignment therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for happy completion of the assignment.

Met 101 Ch 5 Focuus

SCI 100 Meteorology Chapter 5 Focus Questions and Topics to direct Comprehensively detect the adiabatic process? (Hint see Fig. 5. 2 on foliate 119) Explain why the moist adiabatic rate and wry adiabatic rate are different. List and describe the ways, both at the surface and aloft, the atmosphere be made much stable. List and describe the ways, both at the surface and aloft, the atmosphere be made more unstable. Chapter 5 Questions and Topics to Study (contd)There are three main classifications of atmospheric stability. find the one known as conditionally unstable and relate it to debauch growth. Explain why an inversion represents a very stable atmosphere. What (general) casing of clouds would you expect to see in a stable atmosphere? in an unstable atmosphere? List the four primary ways clouds form, accordingly the four lifting mechanisms, as seen on Fig 5. 10. Chapter 5 Questions and Topics to Study (contd) puff the process of convectional lifting.Describe the process of orographic lifting using the classic wind over the pile example. Be sure to understand why it is warmer and drier on the leeward side of some mountain ranges. Know the main feeling of the collision &038 coalescence ruin process. Know the main premise of the ice-crystal (Bergeron) precipitation process. Chapter 5 Questions and Topics to Study (contd) Know the difference between freezing come down and sleet, including the type of lower atmosphere that can produce each of these types of wintertime precipitation. Hint See Active Figure 5. 32 on page 139) How does Doppler RADAR measure the intensity of precipitation? Chapter 5 Additional learn Terms and Concepts Accretion (riming) Aggregation (snowflake) Cloud Seeding (main premise) Chapter 5 Additional expose Terms and Concepts (contd) Condensation Level (Lifting Condensation Level or LCL) environmental Lapse Rate Graupel (Snow Pellets) Subsidence Inversion Supercooled (water droplet) Virga

A Review of American History

The Spanish-American fight started with the resolving power of struggle on April 25, 1898 by the United States on Spain following some(prenominal) incidents.These two incidents that prompted US chairperson Mckinley to ask Congress for a solvent of war was the sinking of the American Battleship Maine in Havana feel with 260 people and the interception of a private letter written by Spanish Minister Dupuy De Lome in Washington describing Mckinley as a lightheaded man and a bidder for the admiration of the crowd (Brinkley, 320).This stirred and fan the American nationals uproar against the Spanish criminal occupation of Cuba and more Americans initially supported the war initiative.Meanwhile, during this time in history, a potful of global stirrings were already prompting the other superpowers to slice the global barroom with vulnerable continents and countries standardised Africa and the weak Chinese Empire. The US g all overnment has had its admiration of conquering so called dependent people the American Indians. This experience and the expansionist moves of the other superpowers started the US expansionism tendencies which were further stoked by the so called yellow adjure or sensationalist journalism.Meanwhile, huge American businesses have also been expanding oversea beyond American boundaries in search of sources of raw materials, cheap labor party and market for its own products.Thus, when the two incidents (Maine and Dupuys letter) occurred almost simultaneously, the opportunity to throw in in Cuban affairs presented itself with the overwhelming support of the American public and added pressure from the American business community who has huge investments in Cuba. Soon, the war against Spain reached not only the shores of Cuba but also Puerto Rico, the Philippine Islands, Guam, and other islands like Hawaii and Alaska.While the sensationalism of the newborns from Cuba stirred the American Publics support, it was in the same manner through the news wire that American public learned approximately the brutal annexation of the Philippine islands and the seduction of its rebellion for freedom initially fought against its Spanish rulers, then later on, with its new colonizers the US government.No less than the famous American author pose distich objected to the colonization of the Philippines knowing that like the Cuban rebels, there was an organized Filipino rebellion against Spain prior to the intrusion of the US government into the Philippine islands. Mark twain openly pointed out the enormous contradictions between the US charter of benevolent foreign policy and its brutal occupation of the islands.When US pastime became progressively more difficult to justify, and eventually came to be defended on the railyard that the U.S. could not retire from it without suffering dishonor according to then President McKinley, Twain advocated the position that An inglorious peace is better than a yellow war (Cushin g, 1998).Meanwhile, the war in Cuba was referred to as a splendid teensy-weensy war by Secretary of State John Hay (Brinkley, 320). The war was over in as little as four months. The unquestionable battlefield casualties on the Americans side were 460 but about 5,200 died of diseases (Brinkley, 320). The joint forces of the Cuban rebels and the American Naval blockade already toppled some(prenominal) little resistance the Spanish forces mustered to put up.According to Brinkleys chronology of events (321), the U.S. troops win four decisive battles within a week. The war ended with the sign of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898. What begun as a war to help the Cubans free themselves from Spains brutal government ended up as the US government practically wrangling control over Spains former colonies Cuba, the Philippine Islands and Puerto Rico in 1917.At this time, many Americans who initiative supported the efforts against Spain now swayed public opinion against the contin uing US expansionism and brutal annexation of other countries. The true colors and objectives of the US going to war to help the Cuban rebels swiftly shifted not long after the war was declared.

Int Fin

Sample Midterm 1 Questions 1. Which of the adjacent does not constitute a form of transfer international enthronization? a. Franchising b. International trade c. Joint ventures d. Acquisitions of alert operations e. institution of vernal foreign subsidiaries 2. Which of the sideline theories identifies specialization as a effort for world(prenominal) business? a. theory of comparative advantage. b. imperfect markets theory. c. product cps theory. d. none of the higher up 3. Agency costs faced by multinational green goddesss (MNCs) may be larger than those faced by purely interior(prenominal) degradeds because a.Monitoring of managers hardened in foreign countries is more difficult. b. Foreign subsidiary managers elevated in different cultures may not follow uniform goals. c. MNCs argon relatively large. d. All of the supra e. A and B completely 4. Which of the following industries would closely likely take advantage of lower costs in some(a) less developed forei gn countries? a. assembly line production. b. narrow sea captain services. c. nuclear missile planning. d. planning for more sophisticated com typeseter technology. 5. The pairing American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) amplificationd restrictions on a. rade surrounded by Canada and Mexico. b. trade among Canada and the U. S. c. direct foreign investment in Mexico by U. S. homes. d. none of the above. 6. Which of the following is mentioned in the text as a attainable means by which the judicature may attempt to correct its relaxation of trade position (increase its exports or compress its imports). a. It could attempt to reduce its denture currencys abide by. b. The government could hold firms to engage in outsourcing. c. The government could require that its topical anaesthetic firms pursue outsourcing. d. All of the above are mentioned. . If a countrys government imposes a tariff on imported goods, that countrys current account sense of equilibrium allow for likel y ____ (assuming no retaliation by other governments). a. simplification b. increase c. remain unaffected d. either A or C are possible 8. Assume that a avers bid array on Swiss francs is $. 45 and its ask regularize is $. 47. Its bid-ask percentage spread is a. or so 4. 44%. b. about 4. 26%. c. about 4. 03%. d. about 4. 17%. 9. If a U. S. firm desires to avoid the risk from exchange score fluctuations, and it is receiving 100,000 in 90 age, it could a. btain a 90-day out front purchase contract on euros. b. obtain a 90-day frontwards sale contract on euros. c. purchase euros 90 days from straightway at the bandage rate. d. sell euros 90 days from instantaneously at the signalise rate. 10. LIBOR is a. the interest rate comm and charged for loanwords between banks. b. the come flash rate in European countries. c. the uttermost loan rate ceiling on loans in the international funds market. d. the supreme file rate ceiling on deposits in the international money market . e. the maximum interest rate offered on bonds that are issued in London. 11. Eurobonds a. an be issued only by European firms. b. can be sold only to European investors. c. A and B d. none of the above 12. A Nipponese hanker is worth $. 0080, and a Fijian sawbuck bill (F$) is worth $. 5900. What is the order of the hankering in Fijian sawhorses (i. e. , how m any(prenominal) Fijian dollars do you convey to vitiate a yen)? a. 73. 75. b. 125. c. 1. 69. d. 0. 014. e. none of the above 13. A credit entry representing the determine of a foreign currency in dollars is referred to as a(n) ____ quotation a quotation representing the number of units of a foreign currency per dollar is referred to as a(n) ____ quotation. . direct confirmatory b. confirming direct c. direct direct d. indirect indirect e. cannot be answered without more selective information 14. The value of the Australian dollar (A$) at once is $0. 73. Yesterday, the value of the Australian dollar was $0. 69. T he Australian dollar ____ by ____%. a. depreciated 5. 80 b. depreciated 4. 00 c. appreciated 5. 80 d. appreciated 4. 00 15. Baylor Bank believes the unsanded Zealand dollar pull up stakes appreciate over the next five days from $. 48 to $. 50. The following annual interest rank apply Currency Dollars New Zealand dollar (NZ$) Lending prise 7. 10% . 80% Borrowing Rate 7. 50% 7. 25% Baylor Bank has the capacity to borrow either NZ$10 meg or $5 million. If Baylor Banks forecast is correct, what pass on its dollar kale be from speculation over the five-day period (assuming it does not use any of its existing consumer deposits to capitalize on its expectations)? a. $521,325. b. $500,520. c. $104,262. d. $413,419. e. $208,044. 16. If inflation increases easily in Australia bit U. S. inflation remains unchanged, this is expected to place ____ pressure on the value of the Australian dollar with respect to the U. S. ollar. a. upwards b. downward c. either upward or downward (dependi ng on the degree of the increase in Australian inflation) d. none of the above there will be no encroachment 17. The yearly forward rate of the British tick is quoted at $1. 60, and the spot rate of the British pound is quoted at $1. 63. The forward ____ is ____ percent. a. tax deduction 1. 9 b. discount 1. 8 c. agio 1. 9 d. pension 1. 8 18. If your firm expects the euro to substantially depreciate, it could speculate by ____ euro call options or ____ euros forward in the forward exchange market. a. selling selling . selling bargain for c. purchasing purchasing d. purchasing selling 19. Assume that a speculator purchases a put option on British pounds (with a strike set of $1. 50) for $. 05 per unit. A pound option represents 31,250 units. Assume that at the clock of the purchase, the spot rate of the pound is $1. 51 and continually rises to $1. 62 by the overtaking date. The highest internet profit possible for the speculator ground on the information above is a. $1,5 62. 50. b. ?$1,562. 50. c. ?$1,250. 00. d. ?$625. 00. 20. You purchase a call option on pounds for a premium of $. 3 per unit, with an exercise price of $1. 64 the option will not be exercised until the expiration date, if at all. If the spot rate on the expiration date is $1. 65, your net profit per unit is a. ?$. 03. b. ?$. 02. c. ?$. 01. d. $. 02. e. none of the above 21. A U. S. corporation has purchased currency call options to hedge a 70,000 pound payable. The premium is $. 02 and the exercise price of the option is $. 50. If the spot rate at the time of maturity is $. 65, what is the total amount paid by the corporation if it acts rationally? a. $33,600. b. $46,900. c. $44,100. d. $36,400. 22.Which of the following is not true regarding the Mexican peso crisis? a. Mexico further firms and consumers to buy an excessive amount of imports because the peso was stronger than it should have been. b. Many speculators based in the U. S. speculated on the potential decline in the pes o by investment their funds in Mexico. c. In December of 1994, the central bank of Mexico allowed the peso to float freely. d. The central bank of Mexico increased interest rates afterwards the peso declined in value in order to veto investors from withdrawing their investments in Mexicos debt securities. e. All of the above are true.Int FinSample Midterm 1 Questions 1. Which of the following does not constitute a form of direct foreign investment? a. Franchising b. International trade c. Joint ventures d. Acquisitions of existing operations e. Establishment of new foreign subsidiaries 2. Which of the following theories identifies specialization as a reason for international business? a. theory of comparative advantage. b. imperfect markets theory. c. product cycle theory. d. none of the above 3. Agency costs faced by multinational corporations (MNCs) may be larger than those faced by purely domestic firms because a.Monitoring of managers located in foreign countries is more diff icult. b. Foreign subsidiary managers raised in different cultures may not follow uniform goals. c. MNCs are relatively large. d. All of the above e. A and B only 4. Which of the following industries would most likely take advantage of lower costs in some less developed foreign countries? a. assembly line production. b. specialized professional services. c. nuclear missile planning. d. planning for more sophisticated computing device technology. 5. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) increased restrictions on a. rade between Canada and Mexico. b. trade between Canada and the U. S. c. direct foreign investment in Mexico by U. S. firms. d. none of the above. 6. Which of the following is mentioned in the text as a possible means by which the government may attempt to improve its balance of trade position (increase its exports or reduce its imports). a. It could attempt to reduce its home currencys value. b. The government could require firms to engage in outsourcing. c. Th e government could require that its local firms pursue outsourcing. d. All of the above are mentioned. . If a countrys government imposes a tariff on imported goods, that countrys current account balance will likely ____ (assuming no retaliation by other governments). a. decrease b. increase c. remain unaffected d. either A or C are possible 8. Assume that a banks bid rate on Swiss francs is $. 45 and its ask rate is $. 47. Its bid-ask percentage spread is a. about 4. 44%. b. about 4. 26%. c. about 4. 03%. d. about 4. 17%. 9. If a U. S. firm desires to avoid the risk from exchange rate fluctuations, and it is receiving 100,000 in 90 days, it could a. btain a 90-day forward purchase contract on euros. b. obtain a 90-day forward sale contract on euros. c. purchase euros 90 days from now at the spot rate. d. sell euros 90 days from now at the spot rate. 10. LIBOR is a. the interest rate commonly charged for loans between banks. b. the average inflation rate in European countries. c. th e maximum loan rate ceiling on loans in the international money market. d. the maximum deposit rate ceiling on deposits in the international money market. e. the maximum interest rate offered on bonds that are issued in London. 11. Eurobonds a. an be issued only by European firms. b. can be sold only to European investors. c. A and B d. none of the above 12. A Japanese yen is worth $. 0080, and a Fijian dollar (F$) is worth $. 5900. What is the value of the yen in Fijian dollars (i. e. , how many Fijian dollars do you need to buy a yen)? a. 73. 75. b. 125. c. 1. 69. d. 0. 014. e. none of the above 13. A quotation representing the value of a foreign currency in dollars is referred to as a(n) ____ quotation a quotation representing the number of units of a foreign currency per dollar is referred to as a(n) ____ quotation. . direct indirect b. indirect direct c. direct direct d. indirect indirect e. cannot be answered without more information 14. The value of the Australian dollar (A$) today is $0. 73. Yesterday, the value of the Australian dollar was $0. 69. The Australian dollar ____ by ____%. a. depreciated 5. 80 b. depreciated 4. 00 c. appreciated 5. 80 d. appreciated 4. 00 15. Baylor Bank believes the New Zealand dollar will appreciate over the next five days from $. 48 to $. 50. The following annual interest rates apply Currency Dollars New Zealand dollar (NZ$) Lending Rate 7. 10% . 80% Borrowing Rate 7. 50% 7. 25% Baylor Bank has the capacity to borrow either NZ$10 million or $5 million. If Baylor Banks forecast is correct, what will its dollar profit be from speculation over the five-day period (assuming it does not use any of its existing consumer deposits to capitalize on its expectations)? a. $521,325. b. $500,520. c. $104,262. d. $413,419. e. $208,044. 16. If inflation increases substantially in Australia while U. S. inflation remains unchanged, this is expected to place ____ pressure on the value of the Australian dollar with respect to the U. S. oll ar. a. upward b. downward c. either upward or downward (depending on the degree of the increase in Australian inflation) d. none of the above there will be no impact 17. The one-year forward rate of the British pound is quoted at $1. 60, and the spot rate of the British pound is quoted at $1. 63. The forward ____ is ____ percent. a. discount 1. 9 b. discount 1. 8 c. premium 1. 9 d. premium 1. 8 18. If your firm expects the euro to substantially depreciate, it could speculate by ____ euro call options or ____ euros forward in the forward exchange market. a. selling selling . selling purchasing c. purchasing purchasing d. purchasing selling 19. Assume that a speculator purchases a put option on British pounds (with a strike price of $1. 50) for $. 05 per unit. A pound option represents 31,250 units. Assume that at the time of the purchase, the spot rate of the pound is $1. 51 and continually rises to $1. 62 by the expiration date. The highest net profit possible for the speculator bas ed on the information above is a. $1,562. 50. b. ?$1,562. 50. c. ?$1,250. 00. d. ?$625. 00. 20. You purchase a call option on pounds for a premium of $. 3 per unit, with an exercise price of $1. 64 the option will not be exercised until the expiration date, if at all. If the spot rate on the expiration date is $1. 65, your net profit per unit is a. ?$. 03. b. ?$. 02. c. ?$. 01. d. $. 02. e. none of the above 21. A U. S. corporation has purchased currency call options to hedge a 70,000 pound payable. The premium is $. 02 and the exercise price of the option is $. 50. If the spot rate at the time of maturity is $. 65, what is the total amount paid by the corporation if it acts rationally? a. $33,600. b. $46,900. c. $44,100. d. $36,400. 22.Which of the following is not true regarding the Mexican peso crisis? a. Mexico encouraged firms and consumers to buy an excessive amount of imports because the peso was stronger than it should have been. b. Many speculators based in the U. S. specul ated on the potential decline in the peso by investing their funds in Mexico. c. In December of 1994, the central bank of Mexico allowed the peso to float freely. d. The central bank of Mexico increased interest rates after the peso declined in value in order to prevent investors from withdrawing their investments in Mexicos debt securities. e. All of the above are true.

Benjamin R. Barber’s “America Skips School” Essay

The scary truth behind Benjamin R. Barbers America Skips School is shocking. In an attempt to change society, Barber informs us of the hopeless struggle many an(prenominal) indignant youths are facing today, and where they leave stopping point up tomorrow. He also stresses the responsibility of teachers and how important their contributions are, non only for the future of their students but for the future of the nation as well. The stories are real and Americans should quit ignoring the truth and finally make an effort to end the struggle that their predecessors cannot ignore. Our pip-squeakren need us to moderator them by improving education such as raising teachers salaries, extending the train year to year- almost, or more significantly just taking responsibility.Logically speaking, parents entrust their childrens teachers a role they, the parents, were not trained for. Realistically, not only do teachers baby-sit many of their students, they are weighed down with respon sibilities no lawyer or engineer will give birth to endure. Family and friends and teachers will influence the path a youth takes in life. He bears the fuel (determination) and the directions ( manageledge) so the student can reach his destination. agree to the Occupational Outlook Handbook 2002-03 Edition, preparing students for the future workforce is the major input generating the changes in education, and teachers provide the tools and environment for their students to develop these skills. These are the kinds of teachers we are smell for, but if we want more highly certified teachers, thus there must be a change in the rate of stick out because higher salaries lead to more applicants, and more applicants mean more prize teachers.During the summer vacation, most students began to either forget what theyve learned or how to contribute it, that is until school starts up again. But as the level of difficulty gets harder, this appendage will not work as efficiently. Havin g an all year-around school gives teachers more time to teach and more time for students to absorb what is macrocosm taught. When teachers spend individual time tutoring students it is less likely for those students to fail the ground level. Of course there is summer school, but in many cases the fee for variance during the summer is costly for students who attend inner-city schools.In todays society, the absolute majority of families have both adults away from the home while the children are left-hand(a) alone. While the kids are at school, they have the teachers to accompany them, but when they condescend home, and mom and dad are not there to regulate their activities, then the house is no longer a home but merely a place to come and go. A good connection in the midst of the parent and child usually keeps a healthy environment around the house, but outside the house scenarios change as well as the people the child is associating with. Its another role of the parent to know where his child is at, at all times, who his childs friends are, and to set a time as to when the kid most come home. Finally, the parent and child should get together and set a schedule up hebdomadally that involves plenty of studying time, playtime and communication within the family.No guinea pig what arguments arise either within the school or home, our children need us. numerous kids have to be forced to their studies or to participate in mark because they do not think as far ahead in the future as we, the parents and teachers, do. Higher salaries for teachers will lead to a better, fit faculty, extended school to year-around will theoretically give more time for students to learn and absorb what is being taught in school, and the role of the parents to provide their child the love and attention he needs as a guide in his road to success, are all of which Barber has accentuate as being important to a better academic system. We have yearned for a system that woul d work, but we just were not committed nice to do something about it. So until we do something about it, our children, Americas future, will continue to drown in this fast, growing society.

Japan Vs Feudal Europe

The systems Presence of Feudal System Compare feudalism developed slightly later in japan than in europium Contrast Base of Feudalism atomic number 63an feudalism was grounded in papist legal structure while Japan feudalism had as its fundament Chinese Confucianism Evidence 1 europium the economic system of Europe is based on an economic system made of the relationships between the contrastive kinspersones in the hierarchal life in Europe. Japan Unlike Europe, Japans scrimping relied on Internal money flow.For the well-nigh part an Agricultural economy Evidence 1 What the main Religion was Europe Christianity Japan Buddhism with Shinto Influence and Zen Buddhism Evidence 2 class differences and positions Divisions of Class and rank Europe King, Nobles (dukes, Duchesses), Peasants, Serfs Japan Empower (acts as a figurehead) Shogun (has the power, Military Leader), pestiferous (Each pick ups an area of land had Is master so his Samurai who are paid to domesticate for and p rotect him), Samurai (Warriors who fought to protect their Diamond and people.They uphold a strict scratch of selflessness and honor), Peasants (farmers and Sherman, they were con locatingred higher class than in Europe because they supplied food which any classes depend on), Artisans (people who were specialized in a specific trade), Merchants (Merchants were the lowest class and their Job was to trade and transport goods as well as shop-keep Europe Unity of Church and State, Papacy Sometimes forced conversion Japan In feudal Japan, state and religion were kept separate for the most part.Buddhism came to Japan 300 years before feudalism took shape. It blended with the primal Japanese religion Shinto to for Zen Buddhism Japanese variation of Buddhism reinforce Bushier values of mental and self-discipline Buddhist monasteries became very wealthy vicissitude was never forced. Monasteries were centers of learning, charity, interpretation for the poor It was the country official re ligion passim feudal Japan, but religious leaders did not try to control politics or society.This non-interference allowed the Shogun and Dynamos to rule while only focusing on the military and political aspects of their rulers The beliefs of Zen Buddhism were very popular among samurai since they followed beliefs of Bushier Evidence 3 Compare and Contrast in Warriors and their valuesWho they were, difference in training, attire, Position in society, role in the community, duty outside of warfare Bushier-values Justice or rectitude Without rectitude they will not be fulfilling the full tariff of the samurai Courage Doing what its right no matter how scary Mercy address (etiquette) Honesty Honor Loyalty Self Control expected to begin not only the strength and skills to face combat in the cherry-red Middle Ages but was also expected to temper this aggressive side of a knight with a chivalrous side to his nature. To fear beau ideal and maintain His ChurchTo serve the liege lord i n velour and trust To protect the weak and defenseless To give succor to widows and orphans To refrain from the weak giving of offence To live by honor and for glory To abominate pecuniary reward To fight for the welfare of all To obey those position in authority To guard the honor of fellow knights To eschew unfairness, tightfistedness and deceit To keep faith At all times to deliver the truth To persevere to the end in any enterprise begun To compliance the honor of women neer to refuse a challenge from an equal Never to turn the back upon a foe Evidence

EMT/Paramedic Essay

flocks lives often depend on the quick reaction and competent care of destiny medical exam checkup checkup technicians (EMTs) and paramedics. EMTs and paramedics provide this vital service as they care for and transport the sick or injured to a medical speediness.In an extremity, EMTs and paramedics are typically dispatched by a 911 operator to the scene, where they often thrash with police and firefighters. temporary hookup assessing the nature of the long-sufferings condition, they try to determine whether the patient has any pre-existing medical conditions. EMT workers work in a multitude such like one make sures the patient is okay while another drives and etc. At the medical facility, EMTs and paramedics help transfer patients to the parking brake department, report their observations and actions to emergency department staff, and may provide additional emergency treatment.After each medical run, they have to document trip, replace apply supplies, and check the eq uipment. EMTs and paramedics also provide transportation for patients from one medical facility to another, particularly if they work for private ambulance services TrainingA higher(prenominal) school diploma is usually required to enter an emergency medical technician upbringing broadcast Training is offered at progressive levels EMT-Basic, EMT-Intermediate, and Paramedic. At the EMT-Basic level, coursework emphasizes emergency skills, such as managing respiratory, trauma, and cardiac emergencies, and patient assessment. Graduates of approved EMT-Basic knowledge programs essential pass a written and practical examination administered by the severalize licensing agency or the NREMT.He program provides instruction and practice in dealing with bleeding, fractures, airway obstruction, cardiac arrest, and emergency childbirth. Students record how to use and exercise common emergency equipment, such as backboards, suction devices, splints, oxygen spoken language systems, and stre tchers.At the EMT-Intermediate level, training requirements vary by State. The nationally defined levels, EMT-Intermediate 1985 and EMT-Intermediate 1999, typically require 30 to 350 hours of training based on scope of practice. Students learn advanced skills such the use of advanced airway devices, intravenous fluids, and any(prenominal) medications.The most advanced level of training for this occupation is Paramedic. caregiver receives training in anatomy and physiology as healthful as advanced medical skills. Most commonly, the training is conducted in community colleges and technical schools and may emergence in an associates degree. EmploymentMost career EMTs and paramedics work in metropolitan areas. Volunteer EMTs and paramedics are more common in small cities, towns, and rural areas. slightly 45 part worked as employees of ambulance services. About 29 percent worked in local government. Another 20 percent worked in hospitals. Job OutlookEmployment of emergency medi cal technicians and paramedics is expect to grow 9 percent between 2008 and 2018 which is average. As a huge segment of the populationaging members of the baby boom generationbecomes more likely to have medical emergencies, demand will increase for EMTs and paramedics. practice session of EMTs and paramedics is expected to grow by 33 percent from 2010 to 2020, much swift than the average for all occupations. EarningsEarnings of EMTs and Paramedics depend on the engagement setting and geographic location of their jobs, as well as their training and experience. EMT average salary $31,061Paramedic average salary $38,902SchoolingA High School diploma and completion of a training program is required.Employment BenefitsChoice of wide variety of health plans with family coverage, as well as prescription, dental and eyecare benefits 3 weeks vacation to start *(increases to 5 weeks later 8 years) Excellent pension off benefits which include 5 year pension vesting & full pension benef its after 25 years of service, disregardless of age Excellent promotional opportunitiesDeferred compensation/401K and flexible spending plans.

Anti Violence Essay

Anti military group essay Seven long time ago I did not think violence existed in the States. The most(prenominal) violent act ever committed was the tragedy of the World lot Center in 9/11/01. The Trade Centers had been the target for something so horrible, and I thought at the time, This will change the world. I was practiced virtually that fact our airports are more secure, we have to have pass-ports some(prenominal)where you go now, you have more thorough bagage checks, and theyre more discriminating as to whats in your purse before boarding a plane.I think the most secure place in America right now is our power plants. They have increased security at all our power plants, including the nuclear plants, and also there is air blank space around each plant so planes have to keep their blank from them. Homeland Security is a common word in our homes instantly because of 9/11. I wanted to know how. cute to know why. Wanted to know what our leaders reactions would be. The world trade center killed many throng that my friends knew and loved that washbowl never be replaced. This act changed the way my friends lived, loved, and acted in school.This spine-chilling nightmare was committed because terrorists took over three planes that flew into the giant buildings. The causes of this violence is the abuse between countries, states, or nations. The hatred is then passed down to the youth generation, because we hear, and bump the dislike between the grown-ups. Children learn from the wisdom and actions of what the elders do. Shooting, stabbing, communicative abuse, physical abuse, and hoop fights are a few examples of youth violence. All of these exist in schools, neighborhoods, malls, the movies and even in your own home on the internet.Schools have seek to stop it but there is still a lot of verbal abuse anywhere in the school system you go. Youth violence can be stopped by reporting abuse, shooting, stabbings, and anything to do with gangs. It can also be solved by not being the unitary that does bulling or any of the things listed above. I think it is funny how teachers wonder about why no one reports violence in America. My say on the matter is the kids are scared it will only get worse if we tell a teacher or principal or any adult because they use our name and our grade to the bully or person that Bothers you.

Mulan

Hayden Ikerd Mr. Wheeler AP Literature 12 April, 2013 doubting Thomas advances Themes Traced in Mulan In his book How to Read Literature Like a Professor, Thomas Foster explains numerous reoccurring themes in literature, and tests how to recognize them and in some instances draws certain(p) works where they occur. By reading this guide to literature, one may supercharge a deeper understanding of the work itself and of the authors intent in writing it. However, Fosters methods can also be use to films.A film that contains many of the various themes, models, symbolism, and devices discussed in his book is Walt Disneys Mulan. Mulan is a source type with which people be well-known(prenominal). Foster discusses this process of acquaintance in the chapter Now Where Have I Seen Her Before? In his book, he asserts that no work is wholly original. The in all idea of a distaff Chinese heroine was non originally conceived by Disney. The character of Mulan can be traced back to The Ballad of Hua Mulan, written some while in the eleventh century.Still, most people may not be so familiar with this relatively dated ballad. Some people may associate the character of Mulan with that of Scout from To Kill a Mockingbird. Both Mulan and Scout are tomboys by nature, acting in offices more suited to boys. Also, they both do things they do for the approval of their respective catch figures. Mulan is notably the heroine of her story, saving the Chinese empire from the attacking Huns. The heroine model can also be seen in characters such as Antigone and Hester Prynne. Food plays some role in all(prenominal) work- namely the act of consuming it.Mulan is no exception. Foster talks astir(predicate) this in the chapter Nice To Eat With You. Towards the beginning of the movie, Mulan along with several other(a)(a) young maidens go to visit the match flummoxr, who is in charge of determine each(prenominal) girls eligibility as a wife. This process by which she judges the m is by leaveaking in a cup of tea with each one. Mulans interview as it were went over horribly. This is to express the fact that Mulan has a measure of difficulty coming into womanhood, and the whole idea of being refined does not come to her naturally.The second meal that plays a big part in the film is the one that takes place in the barracks. Mulan just met her fri closing soldiers, and the next thing to occur is a meal with them. Trying to establish herself as a man, she accidently picks a cope with one, lead-in to a riot, and sieve being spilled all over the camp. After this, they all held her in contempt. Mulans start meal with her comrades shows that she has just as hard a time fitting in with these men as she did with the women. Mulans two meals show the difficulty she has trying to find her place.The role of men and women play an chief(prenominal) role in this movie. Foster touches this phenomenon in the chapter Its All Political. The rudimentary message of Mul an is that of gender equality. As a woman, Mulan is looked down upon, and is not allowed to fight in the war against the Huns in the first place. To fight is to disgrace her whole family. This offense was so dire, that when she was discovered to be a woman on the battlefield, she was sentenced to death. She is also portrayed as being weaker and less capable than the other soldiers.However, she learns to keep up, and eventually excels in combat training and proves to be an valuable asset to the Chinese army. In the end, Mulan portrays women as strong, and in the battle could not have been won without femininity. Towards the end, the Huns are ultimately overcome by the staminate soldiers dressing as women, who seduce them, then defeat them. In the end of the film, virtually all of China bows to Mulan in respect, showing that she is held in equal esteem as even the emperor, who is male (he also bows, of course).Another primal broker in Mulan that Foster blots out is that of rain, which he mentions in his chapter entitled, Its more Than Just Rain or Snow. Foster would have one to see that often times when a character goes through rain, snow, or something of the sort, that he or she has undergone a figurative baptism. After Mulan has failed in her encounter with the matchmaker, she goes syndicate and begins singing the marvelous, gripping song called Reflection. She asks, When will my museion show who I am inside? She realizes that her fair appearance does not reflect her feelings. Singing this song, she washes away her makeup, and gives up on becoming the perfect girlfriend and bride it is a baptism. Maybe it would be key to mention that during this song, Mulan sings in a downpour of rain. Just like Foster describes in his book, Mulan is baptized in the rain. Disney movies are not notorious for their violent nature. So, when something violent occurs in a Disney movie, or an individual (or animal in many cases) dies, it must declare some kind of import ance.In the chapter of his book More Than Its Gonna Hurt You, Fosters says that in that respect is usually more to violence than just violence. When Mulan is struck by the steel of Shan Yu, many more things happen to her than a fatal wound. She almost meets her demise, and for the first time, the reality of war sets in. Mulan realizes that she is not invincible and grasps the perils of war for the first time. When she receives medical examination attention for her wound, she is discovered to be a woman. All she has worked for up until this rouse is now for naught, as she is expelled from the army and her family name is disgraced.Another instance where violence plays an important role is when Li Shangs father is discovered to be dead. Li Shangs father was the head general of the Chinese army he was held in high esteem by everyone, especially his son. Li Shang aspired to be the general his father was. Shangs fathers plan was to make an assault on the Hun army, and meet up with Sha ng after they had obtained victory, which they thought was inevitable. When Shang reaches the point at which he was to intersect with his father, he found him gone.Shangs fathers death signals the time for Shang to take up the burden of leading the Chinese army and the time to become a man. The only way for China to be victorious was for Shang to surpass his father and to do what he could not defeat the Huns. Without this loss, Shang would have never grown and would have never become the general that he was. One can see that Fosters themes are very prevalent in the story of Mulan and are echoed in movies and books alike. Mulan is a real masterpiece to include so many elements of good literature.

Giraffe Project Award Essay

Joseph Nicholas, 61, a former tribal council r and defer preventative, and David Francis, 70, a former clam digger, woodchopper an d blueberry picker, went out of their office to help prevent a language whos already in a severe case e Of extinction. Joseph and David both provide acts out of caring. They ar teaching the child en of Amines pusillanimous Indian Tribe how to goldbrick a new language, which in t his case, is new to the children but real old to them. The language Pusillanimous is New Engle ends last living Indian language.They should teach this language to help guard greater ext .NET of its extinction. Joseph and David be involuntary to put forward on meaning(a) personal risk. Francis gather RSI words and phrases for a second edition Of the Pusillanimous dictionary. According g to him, if they lose their language, they go forth lose their identity, its the last thing Indians have. Joseph and David want Indian children to have and take pride in their own herita ge. Our own kids had no sense of who we truly were. In general, culture and the languages we speak builds up our identity.A lot of people are, and would wish well to be even much proud of who the y are and where hey discern from. Thanks to Joseph and David willing to take on significant per sonar risk, these Indian kids in that tribe will have something to take pride in, which was theirs from the beginning. The two also rock the boat to view thing better, and not more exciting. They are fighting back with special bilingual booklets, instructional videotapes, and classes. understanding mans are always the lazy, bad guys in the history books, says Nicholas. Being stereotyped is De finitely not something to be proud of.In general, nobody would want their bleed being poor rayed in a bad way, especially broadcasted in habitual or written in books. So, theyre changing peoples minds by not only teaching the language, but by rocking the boat a forgetful by taking that e extra step of fighting with public broadcastings that make their heritage look bad. David and Joseph are only working, teaching the children of master(prenominal)?s Passim quoted Indian tribe currently. But, at the same time, they are also gathering terms for a second edition of the Pusillanimous dictionary. Believe that they are doing the best they can to preserve this old language, one(a) step at a time.Candidates Joseph Nicholas and David Francis should definitely win the Giraffe e Award. Theyve proven themselves to go above and beyond of just helping preserve a n extinct language. They have acts out of caring by teaching and Indian Tribe a new Ian gauge, rocked the boat to make thing better by fighting with broadcasted negativity towards thee r heritage, and they took significant personal risk by by gathering words and phrases in trying to make a second edition of the Pusillanimous dictionary. Without fail, theyve stolen my suffrage fairly.

Assessment for Learning Essay

The perspicacity Reform pigeonholing (2002) identifies ten article of faiths to guide cultivateroom sound in discernment for doctor wordedness . commit up five of particular relevance to your fox back and evaluate them in relation to the school-age barbarian experience in your school. Assessment for skill (AFL) is the cognitive operation of lookking and interpreting recount for use by students and their t on the solid told(prenominal)ers to decide where the filmers argon in their study, where they occupy to be and how to fulfil their goal.Black and William (1998) in their research on the use of shaping appraisal in the classroom nominate ten principles of judgment which guide classroom practice in AFL. (Assessment Reform group, 2003) The school I report in is a city ground multi cultural school. UIS caters for electric razorren from solely backgrounds and inclusion is of grandness to our backing. I push back shape in backb bingle stage 1 as a HLTA. I do PPA spine exterminate-to-end the stratum 1 classes and I c e real(prenominal)where when a t privatelyer is away whereso ever so possible. The subjects I get hold reveal atomic number 18 the nates subjects which argon History, Geography, R. S and Music.I platform, go across and evaluate these subjects. In UIS, we believe that effective discernment provides instruction to change training and encyclopedism. To do this in our school, we under prevail deuce opposite but backupary types of esteemment judgement for accomplishment and estimate of discipline Assessment for learnedness (formative judicial decision) involves the use of judicial decision in the classroom to raise bookman achievements. It is animal foot on the head that school-age childs pull up stakes improve most, if they understand the innovation of their tuition, where they atomic number 18 in relation to this aim, and how they bath achieve this aim i.e. to close the gap i n their experience.Assessment of nurture (summative estimate) involves judging pupils performance a achievest theme standards. T severallyers may bump off this sound judgment at the end of a building block of give-up the ghost, a border, a year, or if a key stage. We give our chel atomic number 18n regular feedback on their training so they understand what it is that they need to do better. Research has verbalisen that their involvement in the review process raises standards, and that it empowers pupils to take challenge towards improving their performance.The objectives of this judging be to alter our churlren to demonstrate what they k nowadays, understand and give the bounce do their march to help our children recognise the standards to aim for, and to understand what they need to do contiguous to improve their conk out to sanction t from to all(prenominal) unmatched oneers to plan work that accurately devises the needs of for each one child to provide r egular cultivation for the p arnts and c arrs that en fitteds them to aliveness their childs training to provide the head instructor and governors with information that allows them to suffice a judgement just ab erupt the effectiveness of the school.To live our education, we use the advance(prenominal) Years Foundation set up guidance, the primary coil winding Framework literacy and mathematics schemes of work based on subject plan objectives. We assess children at the end of each unit of measurement of work to help us position each childs take of attainment. The first principle that I allow for be contending is that legal opinion for cultivation should be part of effective planning of doctrine and learn. The teachers plan their lessons with dizzy erudition objectives. We base these upon the teachers minute experience of each child.UIS strive to ensure that all labors set are appropriate to each childs ability. Our lesson plans make clear the judge ou t follows of each lesson. (Appendix 1) Teachers constantly bundle the lessons knowledge objectives with the children as the lesson begins. They also signalize the way in which the activity is conjugate to the tuition objective, and the criteria against which the work will be judged which is the success criteria. Teachers ask well phrased suspicions and crush pupils responses to find out what they construct it away, understand and keister do, and to reveal their misc erstptions.We identify those individual children who do non achieve, or exceed, the expected direct for the lesson, and we use this information when planning for the side by side(p) lesson. Targets are set for end of secern Sage 1 and approved by Governors and the local Authority. UIS set year sort out targets in Mathematics, Reading and Writing for all our classes, during each academic year. These are expected levels of achievement reached by the end of the year for the majority of children and the much up to(p) in class. In Foundation1, staffs know that the succeeding(prenominal) rate children need to take is with regular observation.These are shared with parents and talked through with children where appropriate. In Foundation 2 children cast off individual reading targets and group make-up targets. In Key Stage 1 all children affirm individual and group targets in reading, writing and maths. Childrens targets are passed over to parents and carers, the make out of each child at the end of each shape is reviewed, and re relieve targets are set. UIS recognise various methods of assessing a childs learning. The type of estimation that our school make varies from subject to subject. We assess informally throughout the term, based on observations make by teachers or fill-in staff.Every week I point out assessment of the class I teach on my plan(appendix 2) and at the end of term fill out the assessment sheet. (Appendix 3) These observations are preserve in a miscella ny of temporary formats, such as post-it mark offs, and are use to inform the Foundation Stage Profile or National Curriculum levels. We take the objectives for individual lessons from the board learning objectives within the schools programme plan. These in turn reflect the demands of the National Curriculum / EYFS. The teachers record the progress of each child against these board objectives.This enables them to make a judgement close the work each child in relation to national standards and allows them to monitor the progress of each child. separately teacher passes this information on to the bordering teacher at the end of each year. Teachers can review the rate of progress by looking at work in pupils folders or exercise books and by the marks in the record books. They can consequently use this to adjust sidereal day to day pedagogy and plan go on work. One way to improve manageability would be to make a none totally of those pupils who achieve significantly pr eceding(prenominal) or below the expected outcomes of a task (QCA, p. 3).The second principle that I will be discourseing is how assessment for learning focuses on how students learn. If children dont learn the way we teach perhaps we should teach the way they learn (Eppig, 1981). The process of learning has to be in the minds of both the learner and the teacher. Assessment for learning helps those pupils, who do non always find learning easy, to make progress. Planning for personalised learning focuses on what teachers need to do ,individually and collaboratively ,to farm assessment for learning and personalise learning by establishing supportive conditions for learning(AFL, primal Framework).When we do our assessment of a lesson we rich person to consider the assorted styles in which pupils learn. Day to day assessments is an on going and essential part of tenet and learning. Teachers and children continually reflect on how learning is progressing, see where improvements c an be made and identify the neighboring steps to take (national strategies standard) . When undertaking assessment of pupils, teachers use their knowledge of individual children in deciding on how to go about assessing the pupil.Research on grading pupils, shows that children are less cause and practically demoralised when they are continually compared to each former(a)(a). They need to know the criteria for the side by side(p) level above ,but they do non need to know what that level is called. (Clarke,2001,p. 74) We ask to consider the nature and level of support that the pupil receives as part of a normal classroom routine. The tasks and assessments are mean to assess a childs ability in fair and a comparable way. If a child is a ocular learner and for the assessment to be fair to him we conform the test by having pictures inserted as well as questions.For those children that are auditory learners we read out the questions to the whole class and this enables them to fulf il their learning style. In our place we have a on the job(p) wall where the children are able to see what the objective and the success criteria of the lesson are. Appendix 4 On the on the job(p) wall for the visual learner, we have cardinal eyes to show what the teacher is looking for and ears to show the children to listen. For those children where English is an additional speech we have support staff that are available plot of ground the test is taking place, so the staff can help where appropriate.Our school aims to be an inclusive school. We actively seek to collide with the barriers to learning and participation that can freeze or exclude individual pupils, or groups of pupils. We achieve educational inclusion by continually reviewing what we do, by monitoring data, and through asking ourselves questions about the performance of these individuals and groups of pupils. In our setting there is a boy that is very able but his writing skills are very poor. His fine and complete(a) motor skill are ontogenesis so to get the best out of him, he does all his work on the computer which is past assessed.Children that are on the S. E. N . register have their avouch I. E. P. s to work from with their allocated support staff, once their target is achieved they move on to the next target from their P-scales. The third principle that I would like to discuss is that assessment for learning should be recognised as cardinal to classroom practice. Tasks and questions should prompt learners to demonstrate their knowledge, dread and skills. In our setting assessment for learning is recognised as central to classroom practice. In the Foundation unit the teachers usually plan the lesson with the reports given by children.On a Friday by and bynoon the teacher has roofy measure with her class where she starts off with a basic topic and the children then give ideas on what they would like to do nearly the topic. In considering the ideas of the children it p rompts the learners to learn and helps with the ongoing of assessments. I did a lesson on electricity in a year2 class which I was applications programme . In order for me to assess the children I asked a lot of candid questions which prompted them to respond. The open questions gave the children the opportunity and encouraged them to look at beyond the literal.Research on wait- era showed that teachers need to chair five seconds later on asking children a question, to allow them to respond. This is the optimum time it takes to process the question to formulate the answer (Clarke, 2001. p. 87). afterward having watched the classroom experiment I was able to take on board the idea of time lag time which I now religiously apply. Increasing waiting time after asking questions proved unmanageable to start with due to my ha goual inclination to add several(prenominal)thing almost immediately after asking the original question. The pause after asking the question was sometimes painful. It snarl unnatural to have such a seemingly dead period, but I persevered. Given to a greater extent thinking time, students seemed to watch that a more thoughtful answer was required (D e r e k, Century Island School). The banish side to the waiting time is that some teachers wait for two seconds before they either ask former(a) child or answer the question themselves . Children often then do not try to think of a response, because they know that the answer would be given or another child would be asked to answer. The lesson was very inter-active I was able to assess whether my success criteria was achieved.When I handed the worksheets to the children I had asked them to write the learning objective below the get word and to refer to it when they were doing there work. The fourth principle that I would be discussing is that learners should receive creative guidance about how to improve their learning. An assessment activity can help learning if it provides informati on that teachers and their students can use as feedback in assessing themselves and one another and in modifying the teaching and learning activities in which they are engaged.Such assessment puzzles formative assessment when the evidence is actually used to adapt the teaching work to meet learning needs (Black and William, 1989). Most learners are laughable to know how they have done in a task . Feedback is sometimes seen as part of a behaviourist approach shot to learning ,where it is part of the sequence stimulus-response documentation (Wragg,2001,p. 27). The aim of gull in our setting is to improve the quality of teaching and learning in the classroom. Whilst doing my researchI found out that Nancy from Riverside school says that her scaling has break awayed from comments with targets and grades, which is the school policy, to comments and targets only. Pupils do work on targets and corrections more fruitfully if no grades are given. Marking is an intact part of assessme nt and target setting and the outcomes inform short, medium and long term planning. Its rationale is to enable every child to achieve their full potential. It is recognised that one to one oral feedback is most of import for young children.It should remind the child of the learning spirit and emphasise the positive aspects of the childs practical or recorded work. Various research studies have cerebrate that feedback is most useful when it focuses on the learning intention of the task rather than other features of the work(Clarke,2001,p. 50). In our setting the stripped response for all pen work is that it should be initialled and dated to acknowledge that it has been seen. maths work is usually ticked if correct and mark with a bullet point to have in mind that the answer needs to be checked.In UIS traffic lights are used to signalize whether the child has achieved the success criteria for the task. Green-learning objective met, orange-a a couple of(prenominal) examples of learning objective having been met, red-learning objective not met, need to see the teacher. (Appendix 5). When a child meets the learning objective the work may be underlined or highlighted in some way to acknowledge the childs success. Smiley faces are used to indicate unspoiled effort. Whilst doing my research and talking to other teachers in school I found out that each child gets a tiny feedback of their work at regular intervals.This detailed feedback could be oral or written and should be specific and related to the learning intention set for the particular world of work. Feedback needs to indicate areas where improvements or next step targets are to focus. It is Copernican to allow children the time to reflect on the feedback and make improvements to a specific piece of work. The ordinal principle that I would like to discuss is assessment for learning develop learners force for self-assessment so that they can become pensive and self managing. In practice, fellow assessment turns out to be an important complement to self-assessment. helpmate assessment is uniquely semiprecious because students may accept criticisms of their work from one another that they would not take bad if the remarks were offered by a teacher(Black and William. p. 6). Peer assessment and self-assessment is much more than children marking their own or each others work. To improve learning, it must be an activity that engages children with the quality of their work and helps them reflect on how to improve it. Peer assessment enables children to give each other blue-chip feedback so they learn from and support each other.It adds a valuable dimension to learning the opportunity to talk, discuss, explain and challenge each other enables children to achieve beyond what they can learn unaided. Peer assessment helps develop self-assessment, which promotes independent learning, helping children to take increase responsibility for their own progress. Research shows that if s elf- evaluation is tie in with the learning intention of a task, childrens progress, persistence and self-esteem is improved(Black and William,1998). The development of match assessment and self-assessment takes planning, time, patience and commitment.When children dont understand the intended learning outcomes they find it difficult to move beyond apparent(prenominal) criteria related to neatness and spelling. By apply a range of strategies and by dedicating time to allow children to reflect on and discuss their learning teachers can develop childrens couple assessment and self-assessment skills. Independent learners have the ability to seek out and gain invigorated skills, new knowledge and new understandings. They are able to engage in self-reflection and to identify the next steps in their learning.Teachers should equip learners with desire and the capacity to take charge of their learning through developing the skills of self-assessment (Assessment Reform Group, 2002). U IS trains children to use the traffic light body to indicate directly on their work to what extent they feel they have achieved the learning objective of their given task and how secure they feel they are in their learning. This helps the teacher to identify if a child is having any difficulty and this also give the children pledge in seeking help.The negative aspects of using the traffic light system at right at the end of the lesson is that some children who are over self-assured tend to rank their achievement very high and those children that have low confidence tend to under estimate themselves. Teachers in our setting also encourage children use the thumbs up that is when a child is sure-footed they have achieved what was expected of them, thumbs sideways which indicates that they are half way there in understanding the objective ,but could achieve more and thumbs down which indicates that the child does not authentically understand and needs a bit more help.In order to dev elop pupils skills with self assessing their work we use prompt questions which the children can think about when reviewing their work. Pupils need to be able to assess their own progress to become more independent learners. One of the reasons fellow assessment is so valuable is because children often give and receive criticisms of their work more freely than in the traditional teacher/child interchange. Another advantage is that the language used by children to each other is the language they would naturally use, rather than school language (Black et al, 2003).We regularly do peer marking which I find very helpful indeed. A lot of misconceptions come to the fore, and we then discuss these as we are going over the work. I then go over the peer marking and talk to pupils individually as I go round the room. Peer evaluation works really well because children learn from each other where they have kaput(p) wrong and how to put it right. The advantage of peer assessment is that childr en get to work with different children and they get a wide idea on how the pupil has achieved their success criteria. both(prenominal) children assume that the more able children neer find anything difficult, but this process makes them assured that all learners find some aspects difficult. after(prenominal) having done all my research I have found that the most important aspect of assessment is to have the learning intention and success criteria in focus. In UIS, with the self evaluation strategies that we use it develops childrens awareness of their learning needs as well as open doors for teachers to get a better understanding of the pupil. few teachers tend to give feedback to pupils on areas that are not of much relevance to the objective.It takes a while to get into the habit of bragging(a) appropriate and relevant feedback but the system is simple, make sure that the learning intention is mentioned first and then talk about the lowly features. If it is necessary to men tion the secondary features, then say it in a very low tone to the pupil concerned. As the research demonstrates, formative assessment makes a significant difference to childrens progress in their ability to be confident, critical learners, to achieve more than ever before and in raising their self-esteem.In a world of continuing pressure, it is dependable to know that we are making a real difference to childrens lives. (Clarke, 2001, p139). Pupils delight finding that other children often have the same thoughts, share same feelings on a particular subject, and have similar problems or successes whilst doing self-evaluation assessment. Ofsted had done a fall over on 43 schools and found that 7 of these schools were inadequate in their assessment for learning. Where assessment for learning had had less impact, the teachers had not tacit how the approaches were supposed to improve pupils achievement.In particular, they used key aspects of assessment for learning, such as identifyi ng and explaining objectives, questioning, reviewing pupils progress and providing feedback without ample precision and skill. As a conduce, pupils did not understand enough about what they needed to do to improve and how they would achieve their targets. Teachers did not review learning effectively during lessons opportunities for pupils to assess their own work or that of their peers were infrequent and not always effective(Ofsted).Michael Fullan also suggests that many educational innovations have been frustrated by the natural but understandable conservatism of teachers. He suggests that real change will only occur where teacher beliefs about teaching and learning have been significantly altered. training is littered with examples of innovations that have either failed or only been partially implemented because teachers werent convinced the change was necessary and would result in real improvement. The result has been that they further modify their practice at the edges and then abandon the change after a while because it didnt work for them. much effective use of assessment, particularly formative assessment, will require many teachers to view their approach to teaching and learning and to re-evaluate their working practices(Weeden,2002,p. 127). Therefore if schools and teachers want to make changes they have to have the subject knowledge, be attached and dedicated to continually re-examine their teaching styles. Reference Assessment Reform Group (2002) Assessment for Learning Ten Principles online accessible fromwww. assessment-reform-group. org. uk Accessed 19th December 2010Black, P. ,and Wiliam,D. (1998). Inside the wispy box Raising standards through classroom assessment. Phi Delta Kappan Vol 80, 139-149. Accessed 19th December 2010 Clarke,S. (2001). Unlocking formative Assessment . capital of the United Kingdom Hodder and Stoughton Clarke,S. (2005)Formative Assessment in satisfy LondonHodder and Stoughton Eppig, P. (1981) procreation by n ame used in the UK as vituperative Skills program by SuccessBristol (Bristol Education Action Zone) Weeden,P. Winter,J. Broadfoot,P. (2002). Assessment-Whats in it for Schools.online London Routledge Falmer. p. 127. Available from http//northampton. np. eblib. com Accessedtwenty-seventh December 2010 Wragg,E. C (2001). Assessment and Learning in the Primary School online. London Routledge Falmer. p. 27. Available from http//northampton. np. eblib. com Accessed27th December 2010 QCA (1999) Keeping Track,Qualification and Curriculum Authority. http//nationalstrategies. standards. dcsf. gov. uk/primary/primaryframework Appendices 1. Lesson plan 2. Annotated Lesson Plan 3. Assessment sheets 4. working wall 5. Traffic lights.

Musharraf Era: Pakistan Flourishes

Compiled By Mirza Rohail B Our leader Musharraf http//presidentmusharraf. wordpress. com/ All this is every the much amazing when one considers that exactly six eld ago, Pakistan was on the boundary of bankruptcy, with only a little more than $1bn in foreign change reserves and its root trade market teetering at 1,000 points (worth $5 trillion only) and foreign debt servicing at 65% of gross domestic product. Our exports were at a hapless $7. 5 one cardinal one trillion cardinal million. The once ever-declining rupee stood stalls at around 60-61 to a dollar sign since Musharraf took oer. Of the 184 member countries of the IMF, Pakistans rate of economical growth 7% is one of the top hat in the world.The Karachi stock market is this instant above 13,000 points and worth around $65 one thousand thousand. direct foreign debt servicing has displace to endure 28%. Our exports affixd to become $18 one thousand thousand. 1. Pakistan economy is among the fast est evolution economies in the world as its economy has reached the size of $170 jillion from a mere $70 one thousand million in 1999. Pakistan attracted a record FDI of $8. 6 billion in two hundred7-08. 2. 2007 matter revenues had swelled from Rs 308 billion during 1988-99 to around Rs 800bn in 2007 and FBR estimates at display 2. 8 gazillion Income Tax payers.Year chalk up CBR Direct Indirect tradition Sales Central excise 1998-99 308. 5bn 110. 4bn 198. 1bn 65. 3bn 72bn 60. 8bn 2005-06 712. 5bn 224. 6bn 487. 9bn 138. 2bn 294. 6bn 55bn 2008-09 810. 3bn 305bn 105. 3bn 319. 3bn 80. 5bn (2008-09 Progressive) 3. commonplace sector organic evolution program (PSDP) has excessively large from Rs 80 billion in 1999 to Rs 520 billion in 2007 and increased advertize to Rs 549. 7 billion in 2008. 4. item The rate of growth in Pakistan vauntingly Scale Manufacturing (LSM) is at a 30- stratum high. plait action mechanism is at a 17- category high. LSM 1999-00 was 1. 5% and 2 004-05 was 19. 9% and 2006-07 was 8. 6% and 2007-8 is 5%. 5. situation The Infrastructure Industries Index, which measures the performance of Seven industries, i. e. electri urban center generation, inwrought gas, Crude oil, Petroleum products, elemental metal, Cement and coal, has put down a 26. 2 percent growth in industrial sector of Pakistan. 6. position Jan 14 Pakistan now has a gist of 245,682 educational institutions in all categories, including 164,579 (i. . 67 per cent) in the populace sector and 81,103 (i. e. 100 per cent) in the hidden sector, cut throughs the National learning Census (NEC-2005). The nosecount jointly conducted by the Ministry of Education, the Academy of Educational Planning and watchfulness (AEPAM) and the federal post of Statistics (FBS) reveals that the number of private-sector institutions has increased from 36,096 in 1999-2000 to 81,103 in 2005, i. e. by 100 per cent. 45,007 Educational Institutions engender increased in Musharraf Era. 7. FACT Pakistan is third in world in Banking gainfulness, a report of IMF verbalize.On the IMF chart, Pakistans banking profitability is on third position by and by(prenominal) Colombia and Venezuela. On the IMF chart India is on thirty-sixth position and China is on fortieth position. Pakistans Banking sector turned juicy in 2002. Their profits continued to stick up for the next five geezerhood and sickly to Rs 84. 1 ($1. 1 billion) billion in 2006 8. 11 May 2009 By producing 7. 746 tonnes of favourable during the strand so forth out five days 2004 to 2008 Pakistan joins the ranks of favorable producing countries. According to the selective information with the Saindak Metal modified during the last five years Pakistan has wee-weed 86,013 tonnes of copper, 7. 46 tonne gold and 11. 046 tonne silver, anyways the production of 14,482 tonnes of magnetite concentrate (iron), pitch in a sum of money of $633. 573 million. 9. In 1999 what we draw ined as gross d omestic product we employ to get through away 64. 1 % as foreign debt and liabilities. Now in 2006, what we earn as GDP we give still 28. 3 % as foreign debt and liabilities. Now we atomic number 18 SAVING 35 % of Our GDP for economic growth. According to Department of Finance, foreign debt &038 liabilities (EDL) and DAWN 1988 $ 18 bn > 1990 $ 20. 5 bn > 1999 $ 38. 9 bn > 2000 $ 35. 48 bn > 2001 $ 37. 2 bn > 2002 $ 34. bn > 2003 $ 35. 4 bn > 2004 $ 35. 3 bn > 2005 $ 35. 8 bn > 2006 $ 37. 6 bn > 2007 $ 40. 5 bn > 2008 $ 45. 9 bn > 2009 $ 50 bn 10. According to sparing keep abreast 2005. need in Pakistan in 2001 was 34. 46%. And, now after 7 years of Musharraf Poverty in 2005 was 23. 9%. Poverty DECREASED by 10. 56%. Overall, 12 million people piddle been pushed step to the fore of Poverty in 2001 -2005 11. Literacy rate in Pakistan has increased from 45% (in 2002) to 53% (in 2005). And, Education now receives 4% of GDP and slope has bee n introduced as compulsory subject from vagabond 1. 2. 12-4-07 The IT industry, which was virtually non-existent seven years ago, has grown to be worth $2 billion of which $1 billion is export related. It rregistered a 50% growth. 55 foreign IT companies pick out already entered the market. Now the sector assiduous 90,000 professionals. 13. 30-1-08 The government activity has decided to throttle up a modern hospital cum medical checkup University in collaboration with the Harvard medical examination International, USA, at a court of Rs 18 billion. The university allow be built at the Defence Housing Authority (DHA), Islamabad.A hit of 2, five hundred students testament be taught at the graduate level, while additional 600 set ordain be available for graduate student research courses. 14. Nov 2006 prexy Musharraf says that Pakistan will set up Nine Engineering reality Class learning and Technology Federal Universities by 2008 with foreign assistance. He state the in stitutions of higher learning would be launch in collaboration with Italy, South Korea, Japan, France, Sweden, Netherlands, Ger umpteen, Austria and China. The apostrophize of building these opposed Universities will be above Rs 96. 5 billion.The Vice Chancellors, Heads of department, Professors and susceptibility of the planned university will be from these Foreign Universities while the Examination system, Quality authorization followed and the Degree awarded will too be from these Foreign Universities. 15. Government has okay to give at least 4% of GDP to Education in 2007 budget. 16. In 1999-2000 on that point were 31 unexclusive Universities. Now 2005-2006 thither atomic number 18 49 Public Universities. HEC apparatus 47 Universities. a) Air University (established 2002) b) Institute of distance technology, ISB (established 2002) c) Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta (established 2004) ) University of Science &038 Technology, Bannu (established 2005) e) Un iversity of Hazara (founded 2002) f) Malakand university, Chakdara (established 2002) g) Karakurum International university, Gilgit (established 2002) h) University of Gujrat (established 2004) i) practical(prenominal) University of Pak, Lahore (established 2002) j) Sarhad University of IT, Peshawar (established 2001) k) National Law University, ISB (2007) l) Media University, ISB (2007) m) University of Education, Lahore (2002) n) Lasbella University of Marine Sciences, Baluchistan (2005) o) Baluchistan University of IT &038 Management, Quetta (2002), etcetera 7. 6-member delegation of Australian Department of Education, Science &038 Technology and AusAID, is visited Pakistan on the request of PM Shaukat Aziz to help Pakistan in its efforts to realign its TVET (Technical and vocational Education and Training) according to the market needs. chair NAVTEC Altaf Saleem in organise the delegation about NAVTEC plans to increase the capacity to train one million people yearlyly by 2010 from the present annual capacity of 320,000. 18. vindication Exports of Pakistan find crossed the $200 million mark as the uncouths beefy Defense manufacturing industry continues to expand.This was disclosed by major(ip) General Syed Absar Hussain, Director General, Defense Export Promotion Organization after IDEAS 2006 Karachi . 19. President Musharraf inaugurated an over Rs. 1. 36 billion 18 Mega Watt Naltar hydro world power throw. The project, perfect in quartette years at Naltar near Gilgit. 20. Pakistan is now in large-scale Nuclear working out. The reactor on a lower floor whirl could produce over 200kg of weapons-grade plutonium per year, assuming it operates at full power for a modest 220 days per year.At 4 to 5 kilograms of plutonium per weapon, this stock would allow the production of 40-50 Nuclear weapons a year, the report said. 21. The Karachi manner Trust (KPT) and Hutchison Port Holdings (HPH) of Hong Kong will sign a subsidization agreement tomorrow fo r setting up a US$1 billion Deep- piss container port, the scratch line in Pakistan. KPT will invest $450 million for infrastructure development for the project. HPH will invest $557 million. In the first phase, a 1,ergocalciferolm quay wall will be built with a designed dept of 18m. 22. GILGIT President Musharraf inaugurated the dry port in the border town of Sust, 200km north of Gilgit.The ironical port, a Pakistan-China joint venture, was built in 2004 at a cost of Rs90 million. It is 10,000-foot high Sust Dry Port. 23. Dec 2006 President Musharraf said many canals, including the Thal and Raini canals, were world constructed for better utilization of the water available. He said Rs66 billion was being spent on brick-lining of 87,000 canals in the country, adding that 6,000 refreshed-made canals would be brick-lined next year. 24. The Private occasion Infrastructure Board (PPIB) has approved expansion of Tarbela dam power project that would perplex 960 MW costing $500 milli on. 25.President Musharraf thorium inaugurated the Mirani Dam. Mirani Dam in Kech vault of heaven of Mekran regulate with a catchment area of 12,000 square kilometer has been built in four years at a cost of Rs6 billion that includes Rs1. 5 billion in earnings to the affected people. It will have a terminus capacity of over 300,000 million acre feet of water. 26. Gomal Zam Dam This project parted Aug 2002 and is expected to be finished early 2008. It is located in the Damaan in NWFP. It is 437 feet high and will water about 163,000 acres of land. The total be amounts to Rs. 12 billion.Having a gross storage of 1. 14 MAF. It will produce 17. 4 MW of electricity. 27. Mushrraf says the government is constructing the Rs40 billion Katchi Canal and Punjab had been kind-hearted to provide land for its 350 kilometre profane that will pass through the province. 28. The Economic Coordination Committee decided to set up a $2-billion mega Oil refinery at Khalifa eyeshade in distric t Hub, Balochistan. The refinery, fit out by 2010, would have a maximum subtlety capacity of 13 million scores of petroleum products higher than the countrys total existing capacity of 12. million tons. 29. Pakistan Steel Mills confederation (PSMC) during the after part July-Sept 2007 recorded the highest ever-sales figure of Rs 9. 3012 billion. 30. The Compressed Natural bobble (CNG) sector of Pakistan has attracted over Rs 70 billion investitures during the last five years as a result of grown and encouraging policies of the government. Presently, more or less 1,765 CNG stations are operating in the country, in 85 cities and towns, and 1000 more would be apparatus in the next three years. It has provided calling to 30,000 people in the country. 31.The Securities and Exchange delegation of Pakistan (SECP) has registered 1,135 companies during the first quarter (July-family 2007). With the new registrations the total number of registered companies with SECP as on Septemb er 30 has reached 50,125. 32. Telecom sector has attracted an investment of $ 9 billion in last three years. It push backd of 80,000 jobs directly and 500,000 jobs indirectly. 33. Corrupt &038 bunglesome Nawaz Sharif made one motorway M2 (Lahore Islamabad). low Musharraf 6 Motorways completed or on a lower floor formula M1 (Islamabad to Peshawar) (Rs. 3 bn) 155 km (started 2003 Completed Oct 2007) M3 (Pindi to Faisalabad) (Rs. 5. 6 bn) 53 km (started 2002 Completed 2004) M8 (Gwadar to Ratodero) 1072 km (started 2004 will complete 2009) M9 (Karachi to Hyderabad) (Rs. 6. 3 bn) 136 km ( M10 (Karachi Northern bypass) (Rs 3. 5 bn) 56 km (completed 2007) M11 (Lahore to Sialkot) (Rs. 23 bn) -101 km (started 2006 nether construction) 34. Under Musharraf variant routes under construction throughout the country. Including N5, N-25, N-35, N-45, N-50, N-55, N-65, N-70, N-75, N-80, S-1, etc. 35.General Pervez Musharraf inaugurated the Makran coastal Highway (N-10) pr oject in grand 2001, consisting of Karachi-Gwadar, Pasni-Gwadar, and Ormara-Liari (Balochistan) Highways. The Liari-Ormara Highway costed Rs3. 9 billion and Pasni-Gwadar Highway Rs2. 8 billion respectively. The total aloofness of Makran Coastal Highway is 533 kilometers. 36. 2-12-07 Sialkot International aerodrome Limited (SIAL) completed. The 1,002-acre airport is 13 km west of Sialkot and is linked by a road to Gujranwala, Wazirabad, Gujrat, Narowal, the Export Processing partition off (EPZ) and the Sialkot Dry Port Trust. 7. Ghandara International airdrome (Islamabad) the first-ever green-field airport being built at a cost of $400 million with a renowned international consultant, Louis Berger throng of USA. President Musharraf laid the ft cavity of the project on April 7, 2007 and will be completed by Dec 2010. Its total area is 3700 acres (15 km? ). 38. Major industrial estates are being real under Musharrafs vision M3 industrial estate, Sundar Industrial estate, Chakr i Industrial, Port Qasim Industrial estate, etc. 39.Oct 2007 In the current fiscal year the Mining and Quarrying sector has registered a growth rate of 5. 6 percent. increase growth was propelled by strong growths recorded in magnetite (30 percent), dolomite (26. 1 percent), Limestone (25. 2 percent) and chromites. 40. The government has already started various initiatives, to discover and develop world-class copper-gold deposits in Chagai Baluchistan by Australian Firms that would fetch $500 million to $600 million per year. 41. Major reserves of COPPER &038 GOLD in Baluchistans Rekodiq area have been discovered in early 2006.It has ranked Rekodiq among the worlds top seven copper reserves. The Rekodiq dig area has proven estimated reserves of 2 billion tons of copper and 20 million ounces of gold. According to the current market price, the value of the deposits has been estimated at about $65 billion, which would generate thousands of jobs. 42. Executive Committee of National Eco nomic Council (ECNEC) on Wednesday approved 45 developmental projects in its meeting, including six revise projects with a total cost of Rs 154. 1 billion with a foreign exchange component (FEC) of Rs 36. billion. 43. Rs 9. 8 billion have been allocated for 91 different mega projects at Public Sector Universities across the province, said Sindh regulator Dr Ishrat-ul-Ebad Khan. 44. Oct 2007 A fully functional TMS (Tax Management System), including profiling, withholding, return/payment filing, rectification, refunds, audit, and legal bring in is scheduled to be operational by 2007 in Pakistan, to process the tax year 2007 returns, according to dry land Bank. 45. The government is providing Sui Gas facility to areas of South Punjab at a cost of Rs 1. 311 billion.A total of 1,138 kilometre gas pipeline is being laid. The districts benefiting from these schemes in general include Multan, Khanewal, Bahawalnagar, Rajanpur, DG Khan, Vehari and Muzaffargarh. 46. The KHI city governments rehabilitation of Industrial zones and improvement plan for all those four industrial zones, of the city needs to be completed in 7-8 months. Projects worth Rs 2. 5 billion and beautification Rs 4. 5 billion. 47. 27-11-07 Pakistan Navy ship Zarrar, the first of Multi-Role Tactical Platform (MRTP-33), was commissioned into Pakistan Navy at a ordinance at PN Dockyard. 48. 9-12-07 City Nazim Mustafa Kamal said the construction work of 47-storey IT Tower in the neck of the woods of Civic Center at a cost of $200m would start soon. Around 40,000 spring chicken would get employment in the IT Tower. It will have 10,000 call centers of which 6,000 have been book so far. 49. The President approved the project of laying of 940-kilometre-long standard gauge line track between Gwadar and Quetta that would cost Rs 75 billion. A German firm win the contract. 50. To increase the income of Farmers, the Government is investing Rs7. 80 billion under which a victuals Security Program will be l aunched.Initially it will be launched in 1,000 villages. He said Rs 3. 60 billion would be invested in live-stocks and dairy sectors. closely 1,200 model dairy farms and 2,950 cattle grooming farms will be established under this investment. 51. Pakistan will launch a Self-controlled impertinent Sensing Satellite System (RSSS) at a cost of Rs19. 3 billion to ensure strategic and unconditional affix of satellite remote sensing data for any part of the globe over the year. SUPARCO will implement it over a period of six years. President Musharraf has approved the project in principle. 52.Governor inaugurated the DUHS Medical Research City with Dow Diagnostic fiber and Research Laboratories and Jinnah Genome spirit as its all important(predicate) components. He also laid the foundation stone for a library and sports Gordian which houses different constituent institutions of the university. 53. President Musharraf also inaugurated a 50-bed state of the art Workers Welfare investme nt trust Kidney Center. The first-ever kidney center in Baluchistan, constructed on 7. 5 acres at a cost of Rs385 million and having the diagnostic, dialysis, surgical and lab facilities will help the people of this area. 4. Karachi The building of the 50-bed Kidney Centre in Landhi has been completed. minister of religion Muhammad Adil Siddiqui . He said that the building of this centre had been built at a cost of Rs70 million. 55. CM Pervaiz Elahi inaugurated Pakistans first Software technology car park (STP) on Ferozpur Road to be utilize by Punjab IT Board (PITB). The Rs 1. 5 billion project is set over area of 32 kanals will be completed in 12 months and is expected to create direct 10,000 jobs and generate economic activity of Rs 9 billion per year. 56.In what is considered a major leap for Pakistan, a polytechnic Institute is being established to produce skilled workforce that will cede the manufacturing industry from the clutches of foreign dependence. macrocosm built i n Korangi at a cost of Rs450 million, this government-funded institute will start operating in January 2007 and prepare 500 workers by the end of first year, in any case producing 22 different types of dies and moulds for aviation, telecom, pharmaceutical and different industries. Experts from Germany, Japan and Thailand assisted in developing curriculum. 57. natural law Act 1861 replaced by Police Order 2002 after 141 years.Police force divided into three separate fly Watch and ward, Investigation and Prosecution. 58. Federal Minister for Commerce in order to rise tobacco farming in the country is setting up a state-of-the-art Tobacco Research Center in Bunner. Annually 8 million kilograms of Virginia tobacco (fine quality), worth Rs 9. 2 billion is cultured in Bunner. Under construction. 59. The government has formed Pakistan Gems and Jewellery Development Company (PGJDC) with a cost of Rs 1. 4 billion, to increase the export of gem and Jewellery from $25 million to $1. 5 bil lion by 2017. 60.In 1999, Pakistanis could only afford to buy a total of 32,461 locally assembled Cars. The latest annual figure stands at 115,000. Currently, there are 1. 3 million cars on Pakistani roads as opposed to 815,000 cars some five years ago a 60 percent jump in car ownership. 61. In 1999, a total of 94,881 new Motorcycles were sold in Pakistan. In 2005, Pakistanis bought or leased some 500,000 new motorcycles. 62. ISB To convert the Karachi Fisheries Harbour Authority (KFHA) in a style of Sydney Fish Market, the government proposes an action plan worth $10 million so as to puzzle the KFHA a profitable authority.Estimated, Pakistan has a look for and seafood industry worth $1. 2 billion. Exports alone are worth nearly $200 million per annum. More than 0. 8 million people rely directly or indirectly on the industry for their livelihood. 63. FACT Pakistan globally ranks 10th among the countries which were among the most vigorous in perusing pro-business policies. A repo rt Doing Business in 2006? co-sponsored by World Bank and International Finance Corporation (IFC). (c) ECONOMIC PAKISTAN and PRESIDENT MUSHARRAF http//economicpakistan. wordpress. com/2008/01/09/pakistan-flourishes/ http//presidentmusharraf. wordpress. com/